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" Avoid marijuana in families with cases of schizophrenia research and Beatriz Marín Oscar rich on schizophrenia opens a new avenue for the development of future drugs against a disease that affects about 200,000 people in EspañaCiencia visitasCompartir * Facebook * Twitter * Meneame * Share * Report error * I have more information * Send to a friend * Print * Reduce font size * Larger body letraLa view that neuroscientists have of schizophrenia has changed over the last three years with the finding that interneurons-a particular type of neurons, play a key role in the origin of the disease. Oscar Marin and Beatriz Rico have made a key breakthrough in this line of research to show that the NRG1 protein and its receptor ErbB4 are required for correct formation of connections of interneurons. His research, presented the April in the journal Nature, opens a new avenue for the future development of drugs against this disease that affects 200,000 people in Spain. What are interneurons? OM: Are neurons that modulate the transmission of information from other neurons. Give the brain more computing capacity. And on the other hand, synchronizing the activity of other neurons, so that the information is transmitted more efficiently. What is their relationship to schizophrenia? BR: In recent years it has been found that many patients with schizophrenia have impaired interneurons of the cerebral cortex. In the past, had paid little attention to other neurons are related to the most obvious symptoms of schizophrenia, such as psychotic episodes. But now we know that there are cognitive symptoms such as poor concentration and impaired memory (short-term memory) related to the interneurons. Is it more important to investigate the cognitive symptoms of psychosis? OM: When you see the psychosis, the disease is advanced. And with each new outbreak psychotic patients have a greater cognitive impairment. Therefore, treatment should be initiated as soon as possible. If we could identify patients before the onset of psychotic episodes and offer appropriate treatment, could stopping the progression of the disease. At what age could be detected? BR: It is possible that the cognitive symptoms can be diagnosed early, often from 11 to 12 years. The problem is that schizophrenia is diagnosed only after the first psychotic episode, and therefore cognitive symptoms are not linked to the disease until it occurs. In any case, adolescence is a crucial stage in the development of esquizofrenia.OM: Still no reliable way to diagnose schizophrenia from cognitive symptoms. We will have to improve early diagnosis in order to contain the disease before it causes havoc. What does your research order to improve early diagnosis or treatment? OM: In the early diagnosis shortly. But with regard to treatment, a drug shown to act on the protein system NRG1 and ErbB4 receptor may be effective in slowing the progression of schizophrenia. How many years can be required to develop a drug like that? OM: It will take, first, develop the molecule and, second, getting to the brain and act where necessary. It will not be easy, but this is the direction we need to go. And we know that there are pharmaceutical companies working in this línea.Los drug experts say that marijuana use raises the risk of psychotic episodes and schizophrenia. But, as you say, the disease has appeared at a younger tempranas.BR: Marijuana is not the cause of schizophrenia but may contribute to its occurrence. So two people with the same predisposition to psychotic episodes, the evolution of the disease may depend on whether or not smoking marijuana. How to know if you are prone to psychotic episodes? BR: We have as yet no test to predict. But if a family history of schizophrenia, I would advise to avoid at all costs the use of marijuana. Gay
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